ABSTRACT
The objective of proposed work was to develop Ondansetron Hydrochloride (OND HCl) sustained release matrix tablets for the better treatment of vomiting for extended period of time. Sustained release matrix tablet is the drug delivery system that is designed to achieve a prolonged therapeutic effect by continuously releasing medication over an extended period of time after administration of single dose. The matrix tablets of OND HCl were prepared by direct compression method using varying ratio of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and ethyl cellulose. The bends of tablets were evaluated for bulk and tapped density, % compressibility index and angle of repose and powder of all formulations blend exhibited that low interparticle friction and excellent flow characteristics. The prepared matrix tablets were then assessed for different physical tests like consistency of weight, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content and in vitro drug release. Each batch of the OND HCl matrix tablets were of good quality as to hardness, thickness, friability and % medicament content. The in vitro drug release study was done for 2 hours by utilizing paddle technique in 0.1N HCl (pH 1.2) as dissolution media and 6 hours using phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) as dissolution media. The drug release study showed that all formulation FMT-1, FMT-2, FMT-3, FMT-4, FMT-5 and FMT-6 were provide the drug release on sustained manner up to 8 hrs. Amongst the developed matrix tablets formulations, FMT-2 containing ethyl cellulose (100 mg) was optimized as best because FMT-2 show highest drug release profile and promoting the sustained release of drug, which could potentially improve the patient compliance.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the changes in corneal astigmatism before and after pterygium excision as well as with differences between various surgical techniques (bare sclera, conjunctival autograft, amniotic membrane graft). Methods: The study population included 71 patients with primary pterygium who underwent surgery. The surgical techniques used differed among the study population. All the patients were preoperatively assessed for visual acuity, anterior and posterior segments, autorefraction, and autokeratometry. After surgery, the patients were assessed for visual acuity, autorefraction, and autokeratometry on day 5, 1 month, and 3 months and the results were analyzed. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to compare the variables. The probability level of 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The reduction in the mean preoperative astigmatism of 3.47 ± 1.74 Diopters (D) to 1.10 ± 0.78 D 3 months after surgery was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Bare sclera, conjunctival autograft, and amniotic membrane graft techniques exhibited changes in astigmatism amounting to 1.85 ± 0.88 D, 2.55 ± 1.26 D, and 2.67 ± 1.44 D, respectively. Pterygium excision surgeries using amniotic membrane graft and conjunctival autograft techniques were more effective than pterygium excision surgery using bare sclera technique in reducing astigmatism. Conclusion: Pterygium excision results in significant reduction in astigmatism which leads to improvement in visual acuity. Amniotic membrane graft and conjunctival autograft are better surgical techniques than bare sclera as far as reducing astigmatism is concerned.